The original Masaryk Circuit ran anti-clockwise on public roads in the outskirts of Brno, with its longest configuration measuring 29.194 km. The start and finish were located in the Bosonohy district, and the route looped east and north through the Bohunice University Campus area and villages including Kohoutovice, Žebětín, and Ostrovacice. From 1930 to 1937, the circuit attracted leading drivers and factory teams from across Europe.
On 25 September 1949 the track hosted what would be its only Formula One-level Grand Prix. The Czechoslovakian Grand Prix was held on a shortened 17.800 km clockwise layout and drew a crowd exceeding 400,000 spectators — a remarkable figure for the era. However, this remained the sole post-war car Grand Prix on the old circuit.
The street circuit went on to host the Czechoslovakian Motorcycle Grand Prix from 1950, which gained FIM World Championship status from 1965. Over subsequent years the layout was progressively shortened: to 13.941 km in 1964, and to 10.921 km in 1975. As of 2025 all the public roads that formed part of the original circuit configurations remain in use.
The current 5.403 km permanent road circuit opened on 18 July 1987, situated north of Kyvalka on land broadly within the bounds of the old road circuit but not using any of the original public roads. The motorcycle Grand Prix immediately transferred to the new facility and regained its place on the FIM World Championship calendar.
The circuit hosted a round of the World Sports Car Championship in 1988 and welcomed the A1 Grand Prix series in 2006. It also hosted the FIA World Touring Car Championship, the FIA GT1 World Championship, the Superbike World Championship (1993–1996 and 2005–2012), Formula Two, and numerous other categories over the following decades. The 24H Epilog of Brno (formerly the 6 Hours of Brno) was a notable endurance event on the calendar.
The annual Czech Republic Motorcycle Grand Prix is the most prestigious event held at the modern circuit and the most famous motor race in the Czech Republic. It was contested at Brno as a world championship round in 1965–1982, 1987–1991, 1993–2020, and from 2025 onward. The race consistently drew enormous crowds, particularly during the MotoGP era, making it one of the best-attended Grand Prix events in Europe.
Since tobacco advertising was banned in 2007, Brno's MotoGP round faced the same commercial pressures as other venues in the championship. The event was absent from the calendar from 2020 until its return in 2025. In August 2023 the circuit was acquired by the Czech company Shakai.
The Brno Circuit's dual identity — a celebrated prewar road circuit and a purpose-built modern facility — makes it one of the most historically layered venues in European motorsport. The Masaryk name connects it to the founding of Czechoslovakia itself, while the modern track's decades of motorcycle world championship rounds have kept Brno firmly on the international motorsport map.