The circuit was inaugurated on 19 June 2010, with the first national test held on 31 July of that year. From its opening, the track quickly attracted major international categories: the Superleague Formula series and FIA GT1 World Championship both visited in 2010, and FIA GT3 European Championship and Blancpain Endurance Series races followed in 2011 and 2012. The European Truck Racing Championship competed at the venue in 2013 and 2014, adding variety to its calendar during the early years.
In May 2014, the circuit hosted the second weekend of Acceleration 2014, a festival format combining top-class car and bike racing with music and entertainment. The Superbike World Championship came to Navarra in August 2021, marking a significant milestone as the venue's highest-profile motorcycle event.
On 30 September 2022, it was announced that MSV had won the bid to purchase Circuito de Navarra, taking ownership from November 2022. As part of the agreement, MSV resurfaced the circuit and developed the 2023 calendar programme. The venue hosted an official British Superbike Championship test session in March 2023 and the first British Superbike Championship race in April 2024, broadening the circuit's reach into the UK championship calendar.
In January 2024, a two-phase renovation and extension project was announced. The first phase, completed between January and March, involved resurfacing and realigning Turn 6. The second phase, completed between July and September, extended the circuit to its current length of 4.313 km. Prior to this, the track had been slightly shorter after the initial layout adjustments.
The circuit has also featured in cycling: it hosted the start of Stage 16 of the 2017 Vuelta a España and Stage 12 of the 2019 Vuelta a España. In 2018, Navarra held the first of two Spanish rounds of the 24H Series, with the second being held in Barcelona.
Navarra has hosted a wide variety of championships over its history. International categories that have raced at the circuit include the FIA GT1 World Championship (2010–2012), FIA GT Series (2013), Blancpain Endurance Series (2011–2012), FIA GT3 European Championship (2011–2012), FIM CEV Moto2 and Moto3 Junior World Championships (2012–2015), Lamborghini Super Trofeo Europe (2012), and the Superbike and Supersport World Championships (2021).
The British series invasion following MSV's ownership brought the British Superbike Championship, British Supersport Championship, British Talent Cup, and Ferrari Challenge UK to the venue in 2024 and 2025. National Spanish championships active at the circuit include the Spanish Superbike Championship, Spanish Truck Championship, TCR Spain Touring Car Championship, F4 Spanish Championship, and the Copa Nacional Renault.
Annual events on the current calendar include the Ultimate Winter Cup in March, the Ultimate Cup Series and TCR Spain championship rounds in October, and various GT and single-seater categories through the spring and autumn months.
The unofficial lap record at Circuito de Navarra was set by Joseph Loake in December 2024 during GB3 testing with a Tatuus MSV GB3-025, with a time of 1:40.620.