Sorenson began racing quarter-midgets at age six, winning the national championship in 1997. He moved to Legends cars in 1998, winning thirteen of 25 races that year and eighty-four events across his Legends career. In 2002, he raced in the American Speed Association and finished in the top-ten in seven of eight starts; he won the ASA's Pat Schauer Memorial Rookie of the Year in 2003 at age seventeen and signed a driver development contract with Chip Ganassi Racing.
Sorenson won his first ARCA race in 2004 at Michigan International Speedway before joining Ganassi for five Busch Series events the same year, recording a best finish of fourth at Homestead. In 2005, he drove the No. 41 Discount Tire Dodge in the Busch Series full-time, winning at Nashville Superspeedway from the pole — leading 197 of 225 laps in dominant fashion — and picking up another win at Gateway. He finished fourth in the Busch championship and second in Rookie of the Year voting behind Carl Edwards.
Sorenson moved up to a full Cup schedule with Ganassi in 2006, finishing 24th in points as a rookie with five top-tens and a best finish of fifth at Michigan. His 2007 season was the peak of his Cup competitiveness: he won Busch Series races at Gateway, finished fourth at the Coca-Cola 600, and achieved a third-place finish at Atlanta. Most notably, at the 2007 Allstate 400 at Indianapolis, Sorenson won the pole at 21 years and 173 days old, breaking a record that had stood for 72 years — Rex Mays had won the Indianapolis 500 pole in 1935 at 22 years of age. He finished the 2007 Cup season 22nd in points. He had a fifth-place start in the 2008 Daytona 500 before his performance tailed off. His contract with Ganassi ended after 2008, and he signed with the newly-formed combination of Gillett Evernham Motorsports and Petty Holdings that became Richard Petty Motorsports.
Sorenson drove the No. 43 for Richard Petty Motorsports in 2009 but managed only one top-ten (the Daytona 500) and finished 29th in points. The team did not retain him following a merger with Yates Racing.
From 2010 onward, Sorenson's Cup presence was intermittent, cycling through small teams including Braun Racing/Turner Motorsports in the Nationwide Series (where he won a road course race at Road America in 2011), Tommy Baldwin Racing (2014 Cup full-time season with the No. 36), and numerous part-time efforts with Premium Motorsports and Spire Motorsports through 2020. He recorded four Nationwide/Xfinity Series wins across his career. His final notable period of sustained activity came with Tommy Baldwin Racing in 2014, where he completed a full Cup season with limited sponsorship, recording a best finish of fourteenth at Talladega. By 2021, Sorenson had transitioned to working as a spotter, taking the role for Kaulig Racing's No. 11 of Josh Williams in the Xfinity Series, a position he has held since.
Sorenson's trajectory — from teenage Ganassi development driver to youngest Indy pole winner to part-time journeyman — reflects the sharp difficulty curve of the Cup Series for young drivers in underfunded equipment. His Indianapolis record and his 2007 Ganassi season represent the high-water marks of a career that showed early promise before outside circumstances redirected it.