Sarrazin began his single-seater career in French Formula Renault, winning the championship in 1994. He progressed through the junior open-wheel ranks and competed in International Formula 3000 during the 1999 season, where he won one race at the Hungaroring.
His sole Formula One appearance came at the 1999 Brazilian Grand Prix, where he substituted for Luca Badoer at Minardi after Badoer injured his wrist. Sarrazin suffered a spin approaching the start-finish straight on lap 31 and did not score championship points. He also carried out testing duties for the Prost Grand Prix team across the 1999–2001 seasons and tested for Toyota Racing during their debut Formula One season in 2002.
The most significant chapter of Sarrazin's career came through endurance sportscar racing. He joined Peugeot Sport as an official works driver in 2007 to campaign the 908 HDi FAP diesel Le Mans Prototype in the Le Mans Series. Partnering with Pedro Lamy, he won three rounds to claim the 2007 Le Mans Series championship. That same year he took pole position at the 24 Hours of Le Mans and finished second alongside Lamy and Sébastien Bourdais.
Sarrazin finished second at Le Mans again in 2009, bringing his tally of Le Mans podiums to multiple outright second-place finishes among six total podium appearances in the race — a remarkable record for a driver who never won the event outright.
In 2008 he added an endurance victory at the 24 Hours of Spa, driving the Vitaphone Racing Team Maserati MC12 in the GT1 class.
After Peugeot withdrew from endurance racing, Sarrazin signed with Starworks Motorsport for the 2012 FIA World Endurance Championship. He later joined Toyota Racing full-time in 2013 as a driver of the Toyota TS030 Hybrid, helping the team finish second at Le Mans and recording his first outright win with Toyota in Bahrain. He continued with Toyota Racing in 2014.
Sarrazin made a transition into rallying in 2004, competing in two World Rally Championship events and posting a best result of fourth. He drove Subaru's second WRC car alongside young Australian Chris Atkinson, with defending world champion Petter Solberg as the team's lead driver.
He demonstrated genuine speed on tarmac: he finished third on the 2009 Monte Carlo Rally and fourth overall on the Monte Carlo round of the 2010 Intercontinental Rally Challenge. In November 2014, he claimed his first international rally victory at the Tour de Corse, the closing round of the 2014 European Rally Championship.
Sarrazin signed with Venturi Grand Prix for the inaugural 2014–15 Formula E season, finishing ninth in the opening race, the 2014 Beijing ePrix.
In 2021 he entered the inaugural season of the Extreme E all-electric off-road racing series, competing for Veloce Racing. During the Island X-Prix he suffered a major rollover accident but emerged uninjured, attending the medical centre as a precaution.
Sarrazin's career stands out for its remarkable breadth, spanning elite categories from Formula One to sportscars, rallying, Formula E, and off-road racing. His six Le Mans podiums — including four outright second-place finishes — represent a level of consistency at the world's most prestigious endurance race achieved by few drivers who never claimed overall victory. His 2014 Tour de Corse win confirmed that his rallying talent was genuine and not limited to asphalt circuits alone.